Following the recent introduction of Lenacapavir in Kenya, health experts are urging the public and media to get the facts right: this is not an HIV vaccine.
Lenacapavir is a preventive medicine administered to HIV-negative individuals to reduce their risk of infection. It falls under pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) and is given as an injection every six months. Unlike a vaccine, which trains the immune system to fight a disease long-term, Lenacapavir only protects someone as long as they continue receiving the injections. Once a person stops, protection ends.
“Lenacapavir does not work like a vaccine. It only prevents infection for the duration it is administered. That difference is very important,” said health experts.
HIV Situation in Kenya
In 2024, Kenya recorded 19,991 new HIV infections, a 19% increase from the previous year. Most new cases among adolescents occurred in girls and young women, highlighting the continued urgency for effective prevention. Ten counties alone accounted for over half of new infections.
The mislabeling of Lenacapavir as a vaccine could lead to public confusion. Some may mistakenly believe that one injection provides lifetime protection, while others could dismiss it due to vaccine fatigue. Experts warn that such misinformation can fuel unnecessary debates over gender, mandatory use, or overall effectiveness.
“Lenacapavir is for anyone who is HIV-negative and at risk, regardless of gender. It is voluntary and should be taken in consultation with a health provider,” experts emphasized.
Prevention Remains Key
Kenya has made significant strides in HIV treatment, with many living with HIV successfully managing the virus with medication. However, prevention remains critical, as infection requires lifelong treatment. Preventing infection not only protects individuals but also saves families, reduces transmission to children, and lowers overall mortality.
Health officials stress that trust and clear communication are essential for effective public health interventions. Mislabeling Lenacapavir as a vaccine, even inadvertently, risks creating fear or misunderstanding.
“The right words in public health can save lives. The wrong ones can cause confusion,” they noted.
Lenacapavir is a voluntary, six-monthly preventive medicine and should be seen as part of a comprehensive HIV prevention strategy, alongside regular testing, condom use, and other protective measures.
Kenya’s introduction of Lenacapavir represents a major innovation in HIV prevention, but authorities say that for it to be successful, the public must understand exactly what it is and how it works.
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